Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus have been leading causes of human infections throughout history. S. pyogenes is of the top-ten pathogens responsible for most death globally, 0.5 million deaths per year. S. aureus is carried asymptomatically by half the populatio…
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O ponto fulcral da sociedade, independentemente da época ou país, é o tempo de vida. Antigamente, atingir os 60 anos era motivo de celebração especial. Agora, no século XXI, é comum atingir os 65 anos. O paradigma do ciclo de vida tem mudado bruscamente e encontramos numa situaç…
A doença no período pré-desmame tem um grande impacto no crescimento e na vida produtiva da futura vaca. Cerca de 50% das mortes que ocorrem no primeiro ano de vida acontecem nas primeiras 6 semanas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a transferência de imunidade passiva (…
Background: The first 1,000 days of life are a unique period for the brain architecture. The development of perceptual, sensorimotor, social and language systems depend crucially on environmental stimulation. Multiple factors influence the acquisition of competencies, including …
The dissertation focused on Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in vaccinated poultry flocks in Egypt and explored potential antigenic drift of circulating NDV strains. The investigations, were mirrored by analysis on the evolution of Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), another importa…
Background: African Heritage (AH) men have a higher overall incidence, earlier age of onset, more clinically advanced and aggressive disease, higher incidence of metastases and mortality from prostate cancer (CaP) compared to Caucasian men. Biological and genetic factors relatin…
Pancreatic Cancer is one of the lethal cancers in the world with vague symptoms and low survival rates. It is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world and will become the second within 2030 in USA. The five (5) years survival rate for all stages diagnosed …
Fungal infections cause an estimated 13 million life-threatening infections and 1.6 million deaths annually. The burden of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) reflects immunocompromise resulting from the rise in HIV/AIDS and iatrogenic immunosuppressive therapy. Cryptococcal menin…
The role of the early life social and maternal environments in the production of health inequalities was widely documented in the past few decades but the underlying mechanisms were often subject to suboptimal analytic practices. The developmental origins of health and disease (…
This project sought to locate articles containing data on radiation dosimetry in outer space, to use those data to create a Location Exposure Matrix (LEM) for equivalent radiation doses in extraterrestrial environments, and then apply the LEM to the study of US astronaut mortali…
Problem Statement: Slower declines in neonatal mortality compared to declines in post-neonatal and early child mortality in the last two decades may undermine the progress towards MDG 4 in many developing countries including Bangladesh. In high mortality countries, nearly half o…
The statistical association between increased exposure to air pollution and increased risk of morbidity and mortality is well established. However, documentation of the health benefits of lowering air pollution levels, which would support the biological plausibility of those pas…
Background. The United Nations' Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 aims for a two-thirds reduction in death rates for children under the age of five by 2015. The greatest risk of death is in the first week of life, yet most of these deaths can be prevented by such simple interv…
This dissertation looks at health behaviors of African women and the way those behaviors are affected by information, incentives, peers, and own past experiences. I focus on health service utilization by African women such as vaccination and institutional delivery because the he…
Demographers have speculated about differences between birth and pregnancy history questionnaires in terms of data quality; however, differences have never been examined in an experimental study. The present analysis is an individual-level validation of fertility and mortality i…
Most physiological processes follow predictable 24-hour patterns called circadian rhythms. Patients with dementia often have disrupted circadian rhythms which may be due to damage to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, the site of endogenous generation of rhythms. I…
Maternal mortality is one of the basic health indicators that reflect a nation's health status. It is estimated that 2.5 million women become pregnant in Indonesia each year and approximately 10,700 of these women die from pregnancy-related causes. In this dissertation there are…
This study examines the relationship between culture and child health in Java, Indonesia by assessing whether cultural factors can explain why Sundanese children suffer from higher rates of morbidity and mortality than Javanese children. This question is explored through the com…
This historical study explored the impact of Nigeria's health programs on child mortality between 1980 and 1995. Using data from previous studies, the relationships between the dependent variable and the independent variables were analyzed by means of multiple regressions statis…