Multilayer paint is a significant fire hazard particularly concerning rapid spread of flame,smoke and toxic species production. Fire protective coatings are often employed to protect this unpredictably flammable substrate from ignition (for example resulting from arson attacks i…
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Background Night Eating Syndrome (NES) was characterised in 2003 as comprising; morning anorexia, evening hyperphagia, night-time awakenings, consumption of high calorie snacks during awakenings and an absence of other eating disorders (ED). Method An identification study was co…
This thesis presents novel Markov chain Monte Carlo methodology that exploits the natural representation of a statistical model as a Riemannian manifold. The methods developed provide generalisations of the Metropolis-adjusted Langevin algorithm and the Hybrid Monte Carlo algori…
This thesis describes the preparation, structure and activity of a range of binary, ternary and quaternary molybdenum nitrides. It has been shown that all of the samples analysed can be formed through the reaction of the respective molybdate precursor with either ammonia or 3:1 …
My original contribution to knowledge is the assessment of two ballistics analysis systems using the same bullets and cartridge cases to assess interoperability potential. The results are discussed in the context of policing issues representing a multidisciplinary approach to co…
This study investigated the potential application of formulating pharmaceutical products using microwave heating methods alongside associated analytical investigations. Firstly, the interaction between three functionally related drugs, ibuprofen, ketoprofen and flurbiprofen, wit…
This thesis develops a theoretical framework for the generation of artificial societies. In particular it shows how sub-systems emerge when the agents are able to learn and have the ability to communicate. This novel theoretical framework integrates the autopoietic hypothesis of…
There is a delicate evolutionary balance between viruses and their hosts. The host has evolved the intrinsic, innate and adaptive immunity to fight viral infections. However, viruses have acquired several counteracting measures to evade host defences. Ovine Betaretroviruses, inc…
The discovery of stem cells has led to rapid advances in the field of regenerative medicine. Their unique properties, including the ability to self-renew and differentiate make them ideal for the repair/replacement of tissues that have been damaged as a result of disease or inju…
This thesis describes the synthesis of pyrrolizidines, indolizidines and pyrroloazepines from the reaction of cyclopropenones with a wide range of five, six and seven-membered cyclic imines. These three alkaloids nuclei are widespread in nature and have shown many potential phar…
In this project, the structures of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by bacterial strains were characterised. The current techniques utilised for structural elucidation were also investigated. The structure of the novel EPS isolated from the fermentation of the lactic acid bacte…
The purpose of this research was to contribute to the development of H\(_2\) production technologies from biomass. The study integrated thermochemical processes to achieve biomass hydrolysis with biological methods to then obtain H2 by the fermentation of these hydrolysates usin…
Natural resource management is an important issue around the world in the light of increased global population size and the subsequent demands arising from an increased need for food, clean water and other ecosystem services. This has often resulted in the encroachment of protec…
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), a highly conserved molecular chaperone, has been proposed to play a vital role in tumorigenesis. Hsp90 has two isoforms, of which Hsp90α is the major isoform of the Hsp90 complex and has an inducible expression profile. The molecular chaperone Hsp9…
Based on the study of 34 healthy and 19 osteoarthritic knees in three different age groups (early, middle and late adulthood), this thesis reports the discovery of the potential of knee acoustic emission (AE) as a biomarker for quantitative assessment of joint ageing and degener…
A series of reduced scale emulations of standard fires in a 2 m3 enclosure have been developed for studies at laboratory scale enabling useful comparison and correlation with full scale EN54/7 and UL268 test fires. This makes study of standard test fire conditions and products s…
A multitude of plants have been used extensively for the treatment of cancers throughout the world. In many parts of the world, especially in poor countries, this may be the only form of cancer therapy. Much research has been focused on the scientific evaluation of traditional a…
With fast developing and ever growing use of computer based technologies, human-computer interaction (HCI) plays an increasingly pivotal role. In virtual reality (VR), HCI technologies provide not only a better understanding of three-dimensional shapes and spaces, but also senso…
Undifferentiated cancer stem cells (CSCs) with their unique potential of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation fuel tumour growth and relapse. Efficacy of glioma therapy can be considerably improved if the target is focused towards successful identification and eliminat…