This thesis describes how for the first time, unidirectional operation and coupled ring tuning were realised on a quantum cascade laser material; specifically on a new strain compensated In0.7Ga0.3As/AlAs0.6Sb0.4 grown on InP substrate and operates in pulsed mode in the 3-4 micr…
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In this thesis, we consider the noise properties of a Coulomb blockaded quantum dot weakly coupled to two non interacting leads. We consider two approaches to calculating the density of states of the quantum dot, the first of which uses a functional integral approach which is di…
The International Linear Collider (ILC) is intended to be a new high precision electron-positron collider operating at the TeV scale. The studies detailed within this thesis deal primarily with the development of Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) which could be used as the …
In this thesis we study the noise in Coulomb blockaded quantum dots in the vicinity of the peak of conductance in a full quantum treatment using the Keldysh technique. In previous work on this system, the emphasis have been on master equation approaches in the shot noise regime.…
The formation of small metallic particles has been intensively investigated in the last few decades because of the unique properties that they exhibit on the nanometer scale. A handful of reliable and straightforward synthetic procedures are used routinely for their manufacture.…
The rate constants for the reactions of a variety of nucleophiles reacting with substituted benzyl chlorides in liquid ammonia (LNH3) have been determined. To fully interpret the associated linear free-energy relationships, the ionisation constants of phenols ions in liquid ammo…
Prostate cancer has high cancer incidence in males and is the second highest cause of male cancer related mortality. Currently the main stay therapy for localised and metastatic disease is maximum androgen blockade (MAB). This aims to inhibit androgen production or action, there…
E. coli NfsB nitroreductase (NTR) is currently being studied in combination with the prodrug CB1954, as a gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy. NTR reduces CB1954 at either the 2- or 4-nitro groups to produce highly cytotoxic hydroxylamine derivatives, using either NADH or NADPH…
Liver disease in children is rare but often serious, life long, and in many cases leads to death. Advances in diagnosing and treating liver disease (including liver transplant) have improved the outlook for children in many cases however little is known about the molecular patho…
This work describes the investigation of optical ring or disk micro-resonator as elements in label-free biosensing devices. The use of polymeric materials for micro-resonator structures recently has been gain major interest multi disciplinary research since it allows rapid and s…
Depression and rheumatoid arthritis have an estimated co-morbidity of 13-20%. However, the mechanisms whereby peripheral inflammation might alter brain function are unknown. We hypothesised that pro-inflammatory cytokines released in the periphery will result in neurochemical, s…
This thesis is concerned with magnetism at the surfaces of frustrated magnets, and in particular with magnetism on face-centred cubic (FCC) lattice systems. Normally, magnets do not react to a surface. Frustrated magnets do, however, and we consider two cases: Magnetic relaxatio…
In order to improve fuel efficiency, fleet managers need methods to accurately measure fuel performance. Miles per gallon – the industry fuel efficiency standard measure – has several limitations. These relate to some aspects of fuel efficiency not reflected in the measure but a…
This thesis describes the structural and preliminary electrical characterisation of various “shifted” hexagonal B-site deficient perovskites, of generic formula, A4B3O12. These ceramics are reported to possess promising microwave dielectric properties, which are a requirement fo…
It is widely reported that during periods of inflammation the heme enzyme, myeloperoxidase is generated by macrophages producing reactive oxidative species. Oxidative stress is the imbalance of these oxidative species which will lead to the post translational modification of pro…
Described herein, is the synthesis and coordination chemistry of seven novel ligands L1 - L7. These ligands form metallosupramolecular assemblies upon coordination of transition metal ions resulting in heterodi- and hetreotrimetallic double helicates and penta- and tetranuclear …
Phytoextraction in the UAE desert soil (sandy, calcareous, less than 0.5% humus, and pH 7.9) has been studied. Twelve suspected polluted sites were investigated for contamination with eight heavy metals and sixteen local plants from the UAE desert were evaluated for their abilit…
GLUT4 is the insulin-regulated glucose transporter found in muscle and adipose tissue. On insulin stimulation, GLUT4 translocates from a slowly recycling storage compartment (GLUT4 storage vesicles or GSVs) to the plasma membrane. This allows glucose to enter cells by diffusion …
Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic and debilitating psychiatric disorder. Current therapies have no efficacy in treating the cognitive impairments which are largely responsible for the poor quality of life of schizophrenia patients and contribute to the massive economic burden t…