PolyA signals located at the 3’ end of eukaryotic genes drive the cleavage and polyadenylation reaction to the nascent pre-mRNA. Although these sequences are expected only at the 3’ end of genes, we found that strong polyA signals are also present within the 5’ untranslated regi…
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The peptide hormone, ghrelin, exerts its physiological effects through a G-protein-coupled receptor called the ghrelin-R. The ghrelin-R displays a high degree of constitutive activity, signalling through the inositol phosphate pathway in the absence of bound agonist. TMs III and…
There is increasing interest regarding the impacts of human activities on the functioning of marine systems. A primary driver of change to marine systems is through the impacts of fishing. Biomass-dominant target species have the potential to mediate a number of ecosystem functi…
The ditopic ligand, L1, contains both a bipyridine domain and a tetra-azacrown binding domain. Introduction of one equivalent of Cu2+ ions results in co-ordination of the ion by all four of the available N-donor atoms in the azacrown unit. However, introduction of further Cu2+ i…
At the St Kilda archipelago, Outer Hebrides, declines have been recorded in the Leach's Storm-petrel breeding population, the largest in Britain and Ireland, and rapid increases in the population of Great Skuas. Leach's Storm-petrels have frequently been found in the diet of Gre…
Automatic detection of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in biomedical publications is vital for efficient biological research. It also presents a host of new challenges for pattern recognition methodologies, some of which will be addressed by the research in this thesis. Prot…
Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) were employed in tandem for diagnostic studies of Nd:YAG (532 nm) laser induced plasma plumes. OES measurements of laser-induced silicon plasmas were performed through a range of ambient pressure regimes from atmosph…
In general the numerical solution of boundary integral equations leads to full coefficient matrices. The discrete system can be solved in O(N2) operations by iterative solvers of the Conjugate Gradient type. Therefore, we are interested in fast methods such as fast multipole and…
The electronic computer is the most significant tecnological product of the 20th Century. It has changed the lives of a vast number of people beyond recognition. It has changed our work, our leisure, and our relationships with each other. Its development has taken place in a per…
This project investigated the structures and physical characteristics of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) secreted by lactic acid bacteria. The structure of a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus 5e2 has been characterised. Analysis of the anomeric region…
This research involves the development of a totally new approach to thermal analysis in which microwave energy is used not only to heat the sample but also to detect thermally induced transformations via the effects of changes in its dielectric properties. Use of these propertie…
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that is upregulated in a variety of human cancers. While there is evidence that FAK is implicated in a wide range of crucial cellular processes that are perturbed in malignancy including proliferation, cell cycle, adhe…
The present thesis examines the effects of a range of factors on the processing of written language. The present thesis principally uses eye movement recording technology while participants read short passages of text. Factors known to influence written language processing range…
Alloy compositions near to stoichiometric Nd2Fe14B produced under normal casting conditions, with subsequent isothermal heat treatments and with sintering have been characterised. The possible mechanisms for removing the soft magnetic phase, free α-Fe, via additions of 0.6 at% o…
Proficient categorization of facial expressions is crucial for normal social interaction. Neurophysiological, behavioural, event-related potential, lesion and functional neuroimaging techniques can be used to investigate the underlying brain mechanisms supporting this seemingly …
It is important for the pharmaceutical industry to be able to distinguish between amorphous and crystalline material, as an unexpected change in crystallinity can affect the character, efficacy and even safety of a medicine. There are currently many techniques that are used to d…
Signalling from Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) is under tight control by a wide variety of extrinsic and intrinsic regulatory mechanisms, many of which remain poorly defined. Sproutys and their related Spred proteins constitute two such families of signalling regulat…