This thesis is concerned with the synthesis of β-sultams and the development of new routes for the synthesis of bicyclic versions of these molecules as potential anti-bacterials. The synthesis of 1-azetines, 1,2-thiazetin-1,1-dioxides and isothiazol-1,1-dioxides as precursors of…
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The hydrolytic degradation of a series of β-sultams and β-lactams was investigated using isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC), to determine kinetic and enthalpic data. The importance of these studies was to model the process of hydrolysis as this was a simplification of the mechani…
A series of multidentate N-donor ligands have been synthesised all containing pyridyl and pyridyl/thiazole units and their coordination behaviour is described. The ligands are classified into four types; i) terpyridine containing pyridyl/thiazole ligands (L1-3); ii) pyridyl/thia…
The -lactams and the related -sultams are attractive targets for synthesis because of their central importance in antibiotics such as the penicillins. These heterocycles are of further interest because of their potential as inhibitors of the serine protease class of enzymes113…
The technical progress in computerized spatial data acquisition and storage results in the growth of vast spatial databases. Faced with large amounts of increasing spatial data, a terminal user has more difficulty in understanding them without the helpful knowledge from spatial …
This thesis is concerned with the least-squares approximation of discrete data that appear to exhibit asymptotic behaviour. In particular, we consider using rational functions as they are able to display a number of types of asymptotic behaviour. The research is biased towards t…
Solid acid catalysts are becoming of great importance within the chemical industry and their acidity is of great interest, as this determines their application, plus many of their catalytic properties can also be directly related with their acidity. There has been a drive toward…
Intrinsic parameter fluctuations have become a serious obstacle to the continued scaling of MOSFET devices, particularly in the sub-100 nm regime. The increase in intrinsic parameter fluctuations means that simulations on a statistical scale are necessary to capture device param…
Supramolecular chemistry involves the study of noncovalent interactions that take place between molecules. A supramolecule or host-guest complex is formed when a noncovalentbinding or complexation event occurs between two such molecules. Hydrogen bonds, electrostatics, ?-stackin…
The research in this thesis investigates Case-Based Reasoning (CBR), a Knowledge-Based Reasoning technique that proved to be capable of providing good solutions in educational course timetabling problems. Following the basic idea behind CBR, experiences in solving previous simil…
There is much debate about the evolutionary origins of diversity and many complex gene regulatory network features, such as global regulation. Using novel in silico models the evolutionary origins of complex features, heterogeneity and the role of stochastic molecular processes …
Small celestial bodies such as Near Earth Objects (NEOs) have become a common subject of study because of their importance in uncovering the mysteries of the composition, formation and evolution of the solar system. Among all asteroids, NEOs have stepped into prominence because …
Preconditioning is the phenomenon whereby tolerance to lethal insults is induced by exposing the tissue to a prior sublethal stimulus. This exists in several forms, such as ischaemic preconditioning, adenosine preconditioning and excitotoxic preconditioning. Adenosine preconditi…
The work presented in this thesis is an investigation which aims to quantitatively characterise the physical microstructure, magnetic structure and micromagnetic behaviour of nanostructured thin films for magnetic recording and spintronics application. The nanostructures in the …
The Liver X receptors, LXRα and LXRβ, belong to the superfamily of nuclear receptor ligand activated transcription factors. LXRs have been well characterised in the context of metabolism through their ability to induce reverse cholesterol transport leading to the excretion of ch…
The basal ganglia are a group of nuclei that signal to and from the cerebral cortex. They play an important role in cognition and in the initiation and regulation of normal motor activity. A range of characteristic motor diseases such as Parkinson's and Huntington's have been as…
This research deals with several novel aspects of the nonlinear behaviour of thick-walled cylindrical hyperelastic tubes under external pressure. Initially, we consider bifurcation from a circular cylindrical deformed configuration of a thick-walled circular cylindrical tube of …
The Apc gene encodes the Adenomatous polyposis coli tumour suppressor protein, the germ line mutation of which characterizes Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), an autosomal syndrome characterized by multiple colorectal lesions. Inactivation of the Apc gene is recognized as a …
Photoproduction of mesons provides an excellent means by which to study the proton excitation spectrum. The existence and properties of some nucleon resonances are well established, but many more are still debated, meriting much theoretical and experimental attention. The proxim…