A presente dissertação teve como principal intuito a caracterização parasitológica gastrointestinal numa amostra do efetivo de equinos do 3º e 4º Esquadrões a Cavalo da Guarda Nacional Republicana de Lisboa. Do 3º Esquadrão a Cavalo – Ajuda, foram colhidas amostras fecais de 38 …
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Insecticide application via indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticide-treated bednets (LLIN) has been a key component in combating malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, with pyrethroids being the traditionally recommended insecticides. However, the resistance of Anoph…
The parasite-stress theory of values and sociality offers a compelling evolutionary explanation as to why and how there is such wide variation and diversity of cultures and their underlying value and belief systems. Its authors propose that temporal and geographical variation in…
Leishmania are protozoan parasites responsible for the range of infections collectively known as leishmaniasis. Currently, drugs represent the only course of treatment. The nitroaromatic prodrugs are a class of agents that are used clinically used to treat trypanosomatid disease…
State-space modelling is a powerful tool to study ecological systems. The direct inclusion of uncertainty, unification of models and data, and ability to model unobserved, hidden states increases our knowledge about the environment and provides new ecological insights. I extend …
Human African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, is a parasitic disease affecting rural populations in up to 36 countries in Africa. Sixty million people are at risk for the disease but surveillance is poor. An estimated 300,000 new cases occur each year with 100,000 deaths.…
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by the protozoan parasites Leishmania chagasi , L. infantum or L. donovani . Infection leads to a variety of outcomes ranging from asymptomatic infection to active disease, which is characterized by fev…
The Tangkoko Nature Reserve in North Sulawesi, Indonesia contains one of the largest remaining populations of critically endangered Sulawesi black macaques (Macaca nigra ) and experiences a high rate of foreign and local ecotourism. Analyses of behavioral interactions between to…
Introduction WHO malaria elimination targets require sustained and robust surveillance systems to identify difficult-to-diagnose, low-density malaria infections which threaten control efforts. The WHO 'T3: Test, Treat and Track' initiative further reinforces the importance of th…
Two different types of sludges from two popular sewage treatment systems were used in this study; namely, anaerobic pond sludge from a wastewater stabilisation pond system and filter pressed primary sludge from a primary sewage treatment plant. Under Egyptian conditions, Ascaris…
Malaria is a serious and life-threatening mosquito-borne disease that every year affects over 200 million individuals and causes 400,00 deaths. An additional 0.5 billion people globally are at risk of malaria infection. The unique role of climate in influencing malaria transmiss…
This dissertation investigates the ecology and distribution of amphibians, parasites, and their interactions within aquatic ecosystems. Throughout my dissertation, I use quantitative tools and field observations to examine the factors limiting distributions of amphibians and the…
One of the single most extraordinary examples of host-parasite co-evolution is shown by the isopod family Cymothoidae, of which all species are obligate parasites of fishes, including many commercially important fish species. Cymothoids are one of the most diverse isopod groups,…
Protozoan zoonoses, such Chagas disease and leishmaniasis, remain endemic in large parts of the world, exacerbating social inequity and contributing heavily to the global burden of infectious disease. Novel protozoa species which have emerged from wildlife to humans in the recen…
Since the dawn of time, multicellular life has been exposed to a wide range of microbes. A share of them will not interfere with the host development or daily homeostasis, some might even contribute to it and potentially become essential, such as gut microbiota. However, a small…
There have been increasing reports of Ancylostoma caninum infections that do not clear after multiple treatments in different dog breeds in the United States over the past few years. The cause of the lack of clearance of these infections in the majority of cases was determined t…
The Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina, and the New World screwworm (NWS), Cochliomyia hominivorax, are devastating insect pests that cause billions of dollars in damage each year. These insects cause myiasis in warm blooded mammals, in which the larvae feed from flesh of…